cross cultural consumer behaviour meaning

The last chapter will focus on marketing opportunities such as ‘hot’ market segments and trends as well as on marketing mistakes as a failure of understanding differences. To compare different cultures upon their values Geert Hofstede has derived the so-. - Individualism emphasizes the importance of cultural identity. CHINA: House pet! Income interferes. Today, almost all major companies are marketing their products beyond their original homeland borders. The more traditional technique has been to treat markets as local entities; each society, or part of a society, is regarded as a unique and well-defined cultural milieu. The four possibilities that this decision framework considers range from a company incorporating a global strategy to developing a completely local strategy. Colors represent diverse meanings and aesthetics in different cultures. Career stability is more important, conflicts are seen as a negative impact, clear procedures are expected and uncertainty is treated as a threat. 1.2 The Cultural Iceberg, 2 Value Systems Consumer attitude may be defined as a feeling of favorableness or unfavorableness that an individual has towards an object. Understanding a country’s mother tongue will be of immense help to the marketer to know the impact of culture on consumer behavior. Multinational marketers face the challenge of creating marketing and advertising programs capable of communicating effectively with a diversity of target markets. In the middle there are two mixed strategies. As differences in verbal communication system across cultures are found such as the symbolic communications, multinational marketers must also take that into active consideration for success in other cultures. One group of countries was defined as almost classless and contented. Therefore, pushing the boundaries of cross-cultural consumer research to gain a better understanding of consumer behaviour in a multi-cultural environment has created both opportunities and challenges for today‟s marketers. To determine which cell represents the firm’s best strategy, the marketer must conduct cross-cultural consumer analysis to obtain consumer reactions to alternative product and promotional executions: When looking for success in a foreign market, it has been suggested that a company should remember the 3 P’s- Place, People, and Product. On the other hand, the ways in which people live their consumption life can already vary greatly within one country only. It is also transferred from one generation to the next (Ting-Toomey, 1999). Start studying CB chap 2 - Cross-Cultural Variations in Consumer Behavior. For Feather (1987), values help to structure thought, and play a key role in choices that individuals make. Because each of these values vary in importance, each provides an effective basis for segmenting consumer markets which will be the focus in Chapter 4. The meaning of values can change over time and also when the cultural context shifts. This attitude might be positive, negative, and neutral. It explains why some products sell well in certain regions or among specific groups, but not as well elsewhere. 2.2 The Rokeach List of Values (LOV), 3 Applications of Values to Consumer Behavior Germans in contrast tend to avoid new situations and has a much higher uncertainty avoidance index. The first two chapters of this paper will deal with the conception of culture and refer to the empirical value researches of Geert Hofstede and Milton Rokeach. The fifth group is made up of primitive countries such as the new nations of Africa. In order to understand why people buy certain products or services, marketers must understand the differences between the consumers of different cultures – „cross-cultural“ differences. Such analyses can provide marketers with an understanding of the psychological, social and cultural characteristics of the foreign consumers they wish to target, so that they can design effective marketing strategies for the specific national markets involved.

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